Exposing repression through global research and advocacy

Investigations, documentation, and policy outreach that expose digital repression and drive accountability.

Program Overview

The Advocacy & Research program documents and exposes how authoritarian regimes build and export digital control systems. Through forensic investigations, open-source intelligence, and f ield partnerships, we turn data into evidence—and evidence into policy impact. Our research supports journalists, legislators, and human rights bodies seeking to challenge digital authoritarianism

Keys

Key Pillars

Documentation

Creating evidence-based reports that feed legal, academic, and advocacy initiatives.

Public Awareness

Supporting media and diaspora platforms to communicate verified findings.

Policy Advocacy

Informing democratic governments and multilateral bodies on countering digital repression.

Investigative Research

Mapping networks behind censorship, spyware, and surveillance exports.

Projects

Projects We Support

Surveillance Research

Technical and policy analysis of state-linked malware, corporate enablers, and sanctions violations.

View Publications and Dossiers

Investigative Journalism

Collaborative investigations exposing corruption, censorship exports, and digital repression infrastructure in Iran.

View Publications and Dossiers

Impact

Featured Impact

HR’s investigations have informed U.N. Special Rapporteur reports, contributed to sanctions policy in the EU and U.S., and built global pressure against companies aiding repression.

Our Impact

Expanding Access, Securing Rights

Freedom Score

Internet Access

Blocked

VPNs

23/100

400+ "fake news"

200,000+ sites

15 services banned 2024

Russia

Freedom Score

Blocked

Imprisoned

Surveillance

9/100

10,000+ domains

1,000+/ year

Social Credit + AI

China

Freedom Score

Shutdowns 2024

Cost

Imprisoned

22/100

250+ days total

$1.5B lost

100+ hate speech law

Ethiopia

Freedom Score

Imprisoned

Blocked

Spyware

25/100

50+ for tweets

400,000+ domains

Pegasus on dissidents

Saudi Arabia

Freedom Score

Imprisoned

VPN Penalty

Spyware

27/100

60+ for criticism

$545K fine + jail

NSO tools deployed

UAE

Freedom Score

Imprisoned

Blocked

Registration

26/100

174+ cyber crime

600+ news sites

Required since 2018

Egypt

Freedom Score

Shutdowns 2024

Imprisoned

Throttling

24/100

12 times

80+ for posts

90% during protests

Venezuela

Freedom Score

Internet Cost

Imprisoned

Home Internet

20/100

$1/hr (20% daily wage)

140+ for posts

Only since 2019

Cuba

Freedom Score

Shutdown 2020

Imprisoned

Penalty

20/100

3-day blackout

1,500+ political

Up to 15 years

Belarus

Freedom Score

Internet Access

Imprisoned

Control

17/100

Only 39%

300+ online dissidents

All traffic state-monitored

Syria

Freedom Score

Internet Access

Blocked

Penalty

2/100

0.01% of population

99% of global internet

Labor camps/execution

North Korea

Freedom Score

Imprisoned

Force 47

Censorship

21/100

39 currently jailed

10,000 cyber troops

95% removal rate

Vietnam

Freedom Score

Imprisoned

Shutdowns

Control

18/100

170+ since coup

500+ days ongoing

Military monitors all

Myanmar

Freedom Score

Imprisoned

Shutdowns 2024

Speed

16/100

900+ (2022-23)

150+ days

80% throttled in protests

Iran

Freedom Score

Blasphemy

Shutdowns 2024

Firewall

27/100

200+ arrested

150+ mobile

All traffic monitored

Pakistan

Freedom Score

Women

Shutdowns 2024

Imprisoned

8/100

Banned from Social Media

34 Times

200+ journalists

Afganistan

Freedom Score

Internet Cost

Blocked

Control

6/100

$1,900/year (80% of income)

~90% of sites

Single state ISP

Turkmanistan

Source: Freedom House 2024, Access Now, CPJ, HRW

90,000,000
M

Successful connections via our VPNs and allied circumvention tools every month

500
Community

Networks connected to resilient internet through Starlink based networks

10
Surveillance

Operations tracked and exposed through our threat intelligence

100,000
People

In our network supported to build and run their own resilient circumvention systems.

Challenge

In the heart of a repressive regime, a quiet revolution was taking place — not with protests or weapons, but with job training manuals, laptops, and a belief in economic empowerment.

Under Sudan’s long-standing authoritarian rule, surveillance was not just a tool of state security — it was the state’s lifeline. Phones were tapped, internet cafes monitored, and even casual conversations could land citizens in detention. But what the regime didn't anticipate was how a simple employment training program could loosen its grip on civil society.

In the photo above, taken at a transit station just outside Khartoum, hundreds gather under the warm evening sun. While it may seem like a typical crowd waiting for transportation, this was no ordinary movement of people. These were participants of a groundbreaking employment training initiative — one designed not only to teach job skills but to rebuild community agency and resilience.

Many of them had traveled from rural areas, conflict zones, or displacement camps. Their goal was not just personal development, but collective transformation. The program offered them more than training — it gave them access to tools that could make them economically independent and digitally literate, breaking their dependency on the state and allowing them to connect with the outside world.

Partners

Partners & Collaborations

Global media and research partners

World Liberty Congress

International Republican Institute (IRI)

Global media and research partners

World Liberty Congress

International Republican Institute (IRI)

Our Program

Driving Change, Securing Freedom

Expanding access to open internet in censored societies

Decentralized connectivity and censorship circumvention that keep people online under throttling and shutdowns.

Internet Freedom,Connectivity,Satellite

Protecting activists and communities from surveillance threats

Threat intel, anti-surveillance research, and hands-on support to keep civil society operational.

Security,Privacy,Civil Society